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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Universities for Tourism and Service Association Bulletin</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Universities for Tourism and Service Association Bulletin</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Вестник Ассоциации вузов туризма и сервиса</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1999-5644</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2414-3863</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6583</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/12533</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Актуальные зарубежные исследования в сфере туризма</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Actual foreign researches in the sphere of tourism</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Актуальные зарубежные исследования в сфере туризма</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">National Park Visitor Segments and their Interest in Rural Tourism Services and Intention to Revisit</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Сегментация посетителей национальных парков и их заинтересованность в услугах сельского туризма и повторном посещении</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Марджо</surname>
       <given-names>Невонен </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Mardzho</surname>
       <given-names>Nevonen </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Туйя</surname>
       <given-names>Сьеванен </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tuyya</surname>
       <given-names>Sevanen </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Эйя</surname>
       <given-names>Поута </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Eyya</surname>
       <given-names>Pouta </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-08-03T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>03</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2015</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-08-03T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>03</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2015</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>9</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>88</fpage>
   <lpage>103</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik-rguts.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/6583/view">https://vestnik-rguts.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/6583/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Целью исследования является изучение потребностей туристов, посещающих окрестности наци-&#13;
ональных парков Linnansaari, Seitseminen и Repovesi на юге Финляндии, в туристских услугах. Наи-&#13;
более характерные группы туристов были определены в ходе проведенного исследования согласно их&#13;
потреблению туристских услуг и их намерению повторно посетить данную местность. Данные были&#13;
собраны в ходе опроса 736 посетителей национальных парков. В настоящем исследовании посетители&#13;
национальных парков рассматриваются как особая группа сельских туристов. И в отличие от не-&#13;
которых предшествующих исследований, в которых критерием сегментации были виды туристской&#13;
деятельности, здесь сегментация выполняется на основе комбинированной информации относитель-&#13;
но текущей и будущей заинтересованности посетителей в услугах сельского туризма. В опросе были&#13;
представлены 37 туристских услуг, включая экусурсии, прокат оборудования, аренда саун, заселение&#13;
в различные типы средств размещения, возможности посещения ферм, работа на ферме или в лесу.&#13;
В ходе анализа были установлены пять типовых вариантов выбора туристских услуг, которым со-&#13;
ответствуют пять достаточно типичных групп потребителей: 1)“друзья сельской местности и от-&#13;
крытого воздуха”, которые больше всего заинтересованы в рекреационных услугах; 2)“сафари гонщи-&#13;
ки”, привлеченные возможностью арендовать снегоходы и пользоваться другими схожими услугами;&#13;
3)“посетители экскурсий”, для которых наибольший интерес представляют экскурсии; 4)“постояль-&#13;
цы и арендаторы”, для которых наиболее важным является предложение услуг аренды и размещения;&#13;
5) незаинтересованные в наличии услуг посетители. Наиболее сильное желание повторно посетить&#13;
национальные парки и окрестности отмечается среди “друзей сельской местности и открытого воз-&#13;
духа” и “сафари гонщиков”, которые проявляют интерес как к самодеятельному туризму, так и к ис-&#13;
пользованию достаточно широкого перечня туристских услуг, связанных с пребыванием туристов на&#13;
свежем воздухе, включая оборудование и снегоходы. Их достаточно высокая склонность к повторному&#13;
посещению местности связана прежде всего с их социальными связями и возможностью использовать&#13;
туристские услуги и, в частности, услуги размещения. Исследование также позволило идентифи-&#13;
цировать группы потребителей, которые заинтересованы в новых туристских услугах, в том числе&#13;
в рекреации на открытом воздухе. В то же самое время установлено, что реальные затраты на пу-&#13;
тешествия у посетителей сельской местности, как правило, значительно ниже, чем у тех туристов,&#13;
которые посещают другие дестинации. В этой связи наиболее значительным вызовом для компаний,&#13;
работающих в сфере туристских услуг, является точное формирование и предложение более широкого&#13;
перечня услуг для более узких сегментов посетителей национальных парков, но при этом важно отсле-&#13;
живание экономической целесообразности более узкой сегментации. Однако необходимость в новых,&#13;
более специализированных услугах неоспорима. Например, перспективным является создание в иссле-&#13;
дованных регионах туристских баз и похожих типов размещения как альтернативы традиционному&#13;
размещению гостиничного типа. Незаинтересованные в наличии услуг посетители оказались наиболее&#13;
представительной группой потребителей, поэтому к ним требуется особое внимание. В исследовании&#13;
частично подтверждается гипотеза о том, что повышение качества туристских услуг может при-&#13;
вести к тому, что часть ныне незаинтересованных посетителей все-таки станет ими пользоваться.&#13;
Однако необходимы дальнейшие исследования относительно того, являются ли национальные парки&#13;
просто самодостаточной аттракцией без значимой необходимости в наличии туристских услуг для&#13;
незаинтересованных посетителей, или же ныне незаинтересованные посетители имеют потребно-&#13;
сти в новых и более специализированных услугах, которые на данный момент не предлагаются. Резуль-&#13;
89&#13;
таты данного исследования могут помочь туристским компаниям, руководителям муниципалитетов&#13;
и национальных парков лучше понять и определить потребности посетителей в туристских услугах.&#13;
Авторы отмечают необходимость проведения дополнительных исследований посетителей других на-&#13;
циональных парков с целью определения их мотивации и возможностей для расширения предостав-&#13;
ления туристских услуг. Тем более учитывая то, что исследование подтверждает гипотезу о том,&#13;
что наличие предложения туристских услуг для более узких сегментов посетителей может иметь&#13;
достаточно существенный эффект с точки зрения общего роста посетителей национальных парков,&#13;
что в свою очередь приводит к росту потенциальных клиентов и возможности предоставления еще&#13;
более специализированных и сегментированных туристских услуг.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The study aims to understand national park visitors’ interests to use tourism services provided in the vicinity&#13;
of Linnansaari, Seitseminen and Repovesi national parks in Southern Finland. Separate visitor groups were&#13;
identified based on their use of tourism services and their intention to revisit the area. Data were generated from&#13;
a questionnaire survey of 736 visitors to the national parks. The analyses revealed five dimensions of interest in&#13;
tourism services from which five visitor groups were identified: Countryside and outdoor friends, who were interested&#13;
in recreation services; safari riders, interested in renting snowmobiles and similar services; guided visitors,&#13;
who were interested in guided tours; room&#13;
and rental seekers, whose main interest was accommodation and rental services, and uninterested, who had no&#13;
interest in services. The strongest intentions to revisit the parks and the regions were recorded among “countryside&#13;
and outdoor friends” and “safari riders”. The results of this study may help tourism enterprises, municipality&#13;
decision makers and park managers in rural communities surrounding national parks to understand and&#13;
recognize visitors’ overall needs of tourism services.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>природный туризм</kwd>
    <kwd>посетитель</kwd>
    <kwd>сегментация посетителей</kwd>
    <kwd>факторный анализ</kwd>
    <kwd>кластеризация</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>nature-based tourism</kwd>
    <kwd>visitor</kwd>
    <kwd>visitor segmentation</kwd>
    <kwd>factor analysis</kwd>
    <kwd>clustering</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p>In many rural communities, where agriculture and forestry have declined markedly as the principal livelihoods, nature tourism may offer alternative economic opportunities (e. g. Cordell, Bergstrom, &amp; Watson, 1992; Eagles, 2004; Eagles &amp; McCool, 2002; Goodwin &amp; Dilys, 2001; Kauppila, 1999; Saarinen, 2003; Simpson, Pichler, Martin, &amp; Brouwer, 2009). A national park may provide a community with a valuable asset for the development of nature tourism. However, the magnitude of the impact of tourism on the local economy depends on the number of visitors to the national park, their interest in local tourism services and their expenditure on local and regional services and products. In Finland, the estimated economic value of tourism for local economies totals at east 70 million Euros for all 35 national parks combined (Metsä – hallitus, 2009a), which represents an important source of income together with agriculture and forestry in many municipalities. This study focuses on the interest of park visitors to use tourism services in the rural communities around three national parks in Southern Finland where tourism is not a major industry, as it is in the northern part of the country.</p>
 </body>
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