Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Russian Federation
nfluenced by the deepening globalization processes on the one hand and by the intensively developing information and communication technologies on the other, the contemporary European higher education system has been obtaining new traits which distinguish it from the previous development paradigms (1.0 and 2.0). The new higher education system 3.0 formed within the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) is developing under the conditions of harsh competition both within the national higher education systems and in the global higher education environment. These factors are taken into consideration by supporters of the Bologna Process, trying to strengthen the competitiveness of the European higher education system with all possible means. The authors have researched the phenomenon of the small university and conducted sociological surveys aimed at investigating competitive strategies of European small universities, elaborated to ensure their competitiveness and sustainability in EHEA and on the global market of educational services. The undertaken research has resulted in a preliminary conclusion that the complicated problems of small universities’ competitiveness cannot be effectively solved without both cognitive and procedural changes at every level – that of small universities’ administration, employers and students. The research has also resulted in identified advantages and effective strategies aimed at increasing competitiveness of small universities in Finland and France. The authors have analyzed the good practices and successful experience of increasing competitiveness of Finnish and French small universities and generalised them as recommendations intended for small universities’ administration and other stakeholders.
small university, competitiveness, competitive strategy, development strategy, sustainable development, strategic advantage, systemic approach
1. Antonenko V.V., Karaulova N.M. Determinaciya konkurentosposobnogo chelovecheskogo kapitala: monografiya. Volgograd: MGUS, Volgogradskiy filial, 2006. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=19816456 (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
2. Antonenko V.V., Karaulova N.M. K voprosu o srokah okupaemosti investiciy v obrazovanie // Finansy i kredit. 2015. № 40 (644). S. 10-21.
3. Antonenko V.V., Karaulova N.M. Statisticheskiy analiz «poperechnyh» effektov zavisimosti dohoda ot urovnya obrazovaniya // Ekonomicheskiy analiz: teoriya i praktika. T. 16. 2017. № 3 (462). S. 472-487.
4. Karaulova N.M., Antonenko V.V., Lebedev K.A., Shibaylo O.N. Celesoobraznost' investiciy v chelovecheskiy kapital rossiyskoy molodezhi: mnenie rabotodateley turindustrii. Otchet o NIR № 008/n ot 20.10.2016.
5. Novikova N.G., Karaulova N.M., Antonenko V.V., Lebedev K.A. i dr. Nauchno-metodicheskie rekomendacii po professional'noy adaptacii vypusknikov programm vysshego obrazovaniya v sfere obsluzhivaniya. Otchet o NIR № 006/N ot 18.07.2016.
6. Novikova N.G., Karaulova N.M., Antonenko V.V., Lebedev K.A. i dr. Nauchno-metodicheskie rekomendacii po realizacii obschekul'turnyh kompetenciy v ramkah obrazovatel'noy programmy vysshego obrazovaniya «Menedzhment». Otchet o NIR № 003/N ot 14.07.2016.
7. Fedulin A.A., Karaulova N.M., Lebedev K.A. Imitacionnoe modelirovanie v sisteme upravleniya personalom na predpriyatiyah industrii turizma i gostepriimstva // Aktual'nі problemi ekonomіki. T. 189. 2017. № 3. S. 367-372.
8. EG, 2014 - Education at a Glance 2014 - Finland. Electronic Resource. Retrieved on 21/08/2016. URL: https://www.oecd.org/edu/Finland-EAG2014-Country-Note.pdf. (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
9. Europe 2020 - The Europe 2020 Competitiveness Report. 2014 Edition. Electronic Resource. Retrieved on 27.11.2016. URL: http://www3.weforum. org/docs/WEF_Europe2020_CompetitivenessReport_2014.pdf (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017)..
10. HES, 1988 - The higher education system. France Diplomatie. Electronic Resource. Retrieved on 27.12.2016. URL: http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/ coming-to-france/studying-in-france/presentation-1988/the-french-education-system/article/the-higher-education-system. (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
11. Jacobs, L.F. & Hyman, J.S. (2010). Reasons to Go to a Small College. US News. Electronic Resource. Published on July 28, 2010. Retrieved on 28/08/2016. URL: http://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/professors-guide/ 2010/07/28/10-reasons-to-go-to-a-small-college/ (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
12. Kauranen, T., Matikainen, T. (2015). Social Responsibility Report 2015. Electronic Resource. Retrieved on 27.08.2016. URL: http://www.saimia.fi/ docs/general-information/Social_ Responsibility_Report _2015.pdf. (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
13. Mandon, Th. (2016). L'enseignement sup?rieur fran?ais par-del? les fronti?res: l'urgence d'une strat?gie. Rapport. Published 26 September 2016. Retrieved on 12.08.2016. URL: http://www.strategie.gouv.fr/publications/ lenseignement-superieur-francais-dela-frontieres-lurgence-dune-strategie. (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
14. Martin, J., Samels, J. E. (2014). Catching Fire 2014: Campus Survival Strategies. University Business. Published in February 2014. Electronic Resource. Retrieved on 10/08/2016. URL: https://www.universitybusiness. com/article/catching-fire-2014-campus-survival-strategies/ (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
15. Minsky, C. (2016). World’s Best Small Universities Blog: Does Size Matter? The Times Higher Education. World University Rankings. Electronic Resource. Published on January 25, 2016. Retrieved on 12.08.2016. URL: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/news/worlds-best-small-universities-blog-does-size-matter/ (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
16. MUEC, 2007 - Modernising Universities for Europe’s Competitiveness. Council resolution Council of the European Union 14865/07 (Presse 259), Provisional Version, Press Release, 2832nd Council meeting, Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry and Research), Brussels, 22-23 November 2007.
17. Ross, D. (2016). Data Blog: How Do We Define A ‘Small’ University. Times Higher Education. World University Rankings. Electronic Resource. Published on January 25, 2016. Retrieved on 26/09/2016. URL: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/blog/data-blog-how-do-we-define-small-university/ (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
18. Sahlberg, P. (2010). The Secret to Finland’s Success: Educating Teachers. Stanford University School of Education. Electronic Resource. Published in September 2010. Retrieved on 18/07/2016. URL: https://edpolicy.stanford. edu/sites/default/files/publications/secret-finland%E2%80%99s-success-educating-teachers.pdf. (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
19. Selingo, J. J. (2015). College (Un)Bound: The Future of Higher Education and What It Means for Students. Amazon Publishing, 258 p.
20. Smith-Barrow, D. (2015). 10 National Universities with Small Classes. US News. Electronic Resource. Published on October 13, 2015. Retrieved on 26/09/20016. URL: http://www.usnews.com/education/best-colleges/the-short-list-college/articles/2015/10/13/10-national-universities-with-small-classes/ (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
21. SRR, 2015 - Social Responsibility Report 2015. Saimaa University of Applied Sciences. Electronic Resource. Published in 2015. Retrieved on 12/07/2016. URL: http://www.saimia.fi/docs/general-information/Social_ Responsibility_ Report_ 2015.pdf. (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
22. Statistics Finland (2010). Education. Electronic Resource. Published in 2010. Retrieved on 14/07/2016. URL: http://www.stat.fi/til/ kou_en.html/ (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
23. THE 2015-2016 - Times Higher Education. Electronic Resource. Published in 2016. Retrieved on 11.12.2016. URL: https://www.timeshigher education.com/world-university-rankings/2016/world-ranking#!/page/0/ length/25/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
24. THE 2016 - The World’s Best Small Universities 2016. Electronic Resource. Published on 25 January 2016. Retrieved on 10.01.2017. URL: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/news/worlds-best-small-universities-2016. (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
25. THEIF, 2015 - Types of Higher Education Institutions in France. Higher education institutions in France. Published in 2015. Electronic Resource. Retrieved on 12/08/2016. URL: https://www.universityguideonline.org/en/ internationalpathways/higher-education-institutions-in-europe. (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
26. UHEF, 2015 - Universities & Higher Education in France. Electronic Resource. Published in 2015. Retrieved on 29.11.2016. http://about-france.com/higher-education-system.htm. (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
27. Ursin, J., Aittola, H., Hendersson, Ch., V?limaa, J. (2010). Is Education Getting Lost in University Mergers? Tertiary Education and Management, Vol. 16, Iss. 4, 2010.
28. V?limaa, J. (2010). Uusi yliopistolaki ja kansallisen yliopistolaitoksen yhti?itt?minen. Teoksessa J. Lasonen & J. Ursin (toim.) Jatkuvuuksia ja katkoksia: koulutus yhteiskunnan muutoksissa. [New Universities Act and the incorporation of national university institution. In J. Lasonen& J. Ursin (Eds.) Continuity and disassociation: Education in the transformations of society].
29. Weaver, F. (2015). Finnish Universities among Global Elite. This is Finland. Electronic Resource. Published in January 2015. Retrieved on 29.11.2016. URL: https://finland.fi/life-society/finnish-universities-among-global-elite/ (data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
30. Weisbuch, R. (2015). Staying Small and Getting Large. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Published in 2015. Electronic Resource. Retrieved on 12.12.2016. URL: http://www.chronicle.com/article/Staying-SmallGetting/ 149667/(data obrascheniya: 15.03.2017).
